Bermudagrass, a popular warm-season grass, is known for its ability to thrive in hot climates. However, when winter arrives, Bermudagrass undergoes a period of dormancy, during which it turns brown and stops growing. This dormancy period is a natural response to colder temperatures and reduced sunlight.
In regions with frost-free climates, Bermudagrass remains green and active throughout the year. These areas, typically located in the southern parts of the United States and other warm regions around the world, provide ideal conditions for Bermudagrass to flourish. The grass continues to grow and requires regular maintenance, even during the winter months.
On the other hand, in regions where winters are colder and frost occurs, Bermudagrass enters a state of dormancy. This typically happens earlier and lasts longer compared to other warm-season grasses like Zoysia and Bahiagrass. As the temperatures drop and daylight hours decrease, Bermudagrass gradually slows down its growth and eventually stops altogether.
During dormancy, Bermudagrass turns brown in color, giving the lawn a dormant appearance. While this may initially seem concerning to some homeowners, it is a natural and temporary occurrence. The grass is not dead, but rather conserving energy and resources to survive the winter.
It is important to note that Bermudagrass is more susceptible to winter damage compared to cold-season grasses like fescue or ryegrass. Factors such as extreme cold, ice, and prolonged periods of freezing temperatures can stress the grass and potentially cause damage. However, with proper care and maintenance, Bermudagrass can survive winter and regrow in the spring.
To ensure the survival and health of Bermudagrass during winter, it is advisable to take certain steps. Here are some tips:
1. Prepare the lawn before winter: Prior to the onset of winter, it is beneficial to provide the grass with proper nutrition and maintenance. This includes mowing the lawn at the appropriate height, around 1-1.5 inches, to reduce the risk of snow mold and other winter diseases. Additionally, applying a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer will help strengthen the grass and provide essential nutrients for the dormant period.
2. Control weeds and pests: Weeds and pests can take advantage of the grass’s dormant state and cause further damage. It is important to control weeds by applying pre-emergent herbicides before winter. This will prevent weed seeds from germinating and competing with the Bermudagrass. Similarly, addressing any pest issues, such as grubs or insects, before winter can help protect the grass during its vulnerable state.
3. Avoid excessive foot traffic: During winter dormancy, Bermudagrass is more fragile and can be easily damaged by excessive foot traffic or heavy objects. It is advisable to minimize activity on the lawn during this time to prevent compaction and stress on the grass.
4. Provide occasional watering: While Bermudagrass is dormant, it still requires some moisture to stay healthy. However, the watering needs are significantly reduced compared to the active growing season. Occasional deep watering, once every 4-6 weeks, is usually sufficient to keep the grass hydrated and prevent dehydration.
5. Avoid excessive soil moisture: While providing occasional watering is important, it is equally crucial to avoid excessive moisture in the soil. Overly wet conditions can promote disease development and root rot. Ensure proper drainage and avoid overwatering, especially in areas prone to heavy rainfall or snowmelt.
6. Limit heavy pruning or aeration: During winter dormancy, it is best to avoid heavy pruning or aggressive aeration, as this can disrupt the grass’s natural state and potentially cause damage. Light maintenance, such as removing debris or lightly raking the lawn, is sufficient to keep the lawn tidy without disturbing the dormant grass.
By following these recommendations, homeowners can help Bermuda grass survive winter and ensure its healthy regrowth in the spring. While the dormancy period can be disheartening for those accustomed to a green lawn year-round, it is important to remember that Bermudagrass has evolved to withstand these seasonal changes and is well-equipped to bounce back once warmer temperatures return.
