Sub clover, also known as subterranean clover, is a versatile cover crop that is commonly used in almond orchards in California. Its climate tolerances make it suitable for various regions, particularly the coastal mid-Atlantic and Southeast United States. The USDA Plant Hardiness zones 7 and greater are ideal for growing sub clover as a forage crop or as a living or killed mulch.
In my experience as a gardening and landscaping expert, I have found sub clover to be a reliable and adaptable cover crop. It is particularly well-suited for areas with milder climates, where temperatures do not regularly drop below freezing. This makes it a great option for regions within USDA Plant Hardiness zones 7 and above.
The use of sub clover as a cover crop in almond orchards offers numerous benefits. Firstly, it helps to prevent erosion by providing ground cover and protecting the soil from heavy rain or wind. This is especially important in almond orchards where the soil can be easily disturbed during tree maintenance activities.
Additionally, sub clover fixes nitrogen in the soil through a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. This natural process helps to improve soil fertility and reduce the need for synthetic fertilizers. As a result, it not only benefits the almond trees but also promotes sustainable farming practices.
Sub clover is also known for its ability to suppress weeds. Its dense growth habit and quick establishment help to outcompete unwanted plant species, reducing the need for herbicides. This is particularly advantageous in organic farming systems or for those looking to minimize chemical inputs.
Another advantage of sub clover is its versatility as a cover crop. It can be sown either as a living mulch, where it grows alongside the almond trees, or as a killed mulch, where it is mowed or tilled into the soil to provide organic matter and improve soil structure. This flexibility allows farmers to adapt their cover cropping strategy based on their specific needs and preferences.
Sub clover is best suited for USDA Plant Hardiness zones 7 and greater, making it suitable for the coastal mid-Atlantic and Southeast United States. Its ability to tolerate mild climates and its numerous benefits as a cover crop make it a popular choice for almond orchards in California and beyond. Whether used as a forage crop, a living mulch, or a killed mulch, sub clover provides valuable soil protection, fertility improvement, and weed suppression.
