Native plants in North Dakota play a crucial role in the state’s landscapes, and two standout grasses that are native to the area are Big Bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) and Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). These grasses not only add beauty to the landscape but also provide numerous benefits, making them a fantastic choice for gardening and landscaping projects.
Big Bluestem, also known as turkeyfoot, is a tall and striking grass that can reach heights of up to 6 feet. It gets its name from the bluish-green color of its stems and leaves, which transition to a reddish-bronze hue in the fall. I have personally witnessed the beauty of Big Bluestem in North Dakota’s prairies, where it forms vast swaths of grasslands, swaying gracefully in the breeze. Its tall and upright growth habit provides an excellent structural element to any landscape.
Switchgrass, on the other hand, is a versatile grass that can adapt to various growing conditions. It typically grows to a height of 3 to 6 feet and features delicate seed heads that add interest to the landscape. Switchgrass can tolerate a wide range of soil types, from well-drained to clayey soils, making it an excellent choice for different garden and landscaping projects. I have seen Switchgrass used in roadside plantings and erosion control applications, where its extensive root system helps stabilize soil and prevent erosion.
Both Big Bluestem and Switchgrass are warm-season grasses, meaning they thrive in the hot summer months and provide color and texture when many other plants start to fade. Their deep root systems make them highly drought-tolerant, which is particularly beneficial in areas with limited water resources. Additionally, these grasses provide habitat and food for birds, butterflies, and other pollinators, enhancing the biodiversity of the landscape.
In terms of maintenance, Big Bluestem and Switchgrass are relatively low-maintenance once established. They are adapted to the local climate and can withstand the harsh winters of North Dakota. These grasses benefit from occasional pruning or cutting back in early spring to promote new growth and maintain their attractive form.
When designing with native grasses like Big Bluestem and Switchgrass, it is essential to consider their growth habits and placement in the landscape. Planting them in groups or drifts can create a more natural and cohesive look, mimicking the way they grow in the wild. Combining them with other native plants, such as wildflowers, can further enhance the visual appeal and ecological value of the landscape.
Big Bluestem and Switchgrass are two native grasses that are well-suited for North Dakota’s landscapes. Their sturdy nature, multi-season interest, and ecological benefits make them a valuable addition to any gardening or landscaping project. Whether used in prairie restorations, erosion control, or simply as ornamental grasses, these native plants contribute to the beauty and sustainability of North Dakota’s natural heritage.
