Fraser Magnolia and Bigleaf Magnolia are both species of magnolia, but they have some distinct differences. Let’s explore these differences in detail.
1. Size: Fraser Magnolia (Magnolia fraseri) is a relatively large tree, reaching heights of up to 80 feet (24 meters). On the other hand, Bigleaf Magnolia (Magnolia macrophylla) is even larger, with some specimens reaching heights of over 100 feet (30 meters). So, the size difference is quite significant between the two species.
2. Leaf Shape: One of the key distinguishing features between the two magnolias is the shape of their leaves. Fraser Magnolia has oval-shaped leaves with smooth margins and earlobe-like extensions at the base, giving them a unique appearance. In contrast, Bigleaf Magnolia has huge leaves, hence the name “macrophylla,” with ovate to elliptical shape and no earlobes.
3. Leaf Size: While both magnolias have relatively large leaves, Bigleaf Magnolia has exceptionally large leaves compared to Fraser Magnolia. The leaves of Bigleaf Magnolia can measure up to 32 inches (80 cm) in length, making them one of the largest leaves among North American native trees. Fraser Magnolia, although still large, typically has leaves measuring around 10 inches (25 cm) in length.
4. Flower Size and Appearance: Both species produce large, showy flowers, but there are some differences in their size and appearance. Fraser Magnolia flowers are relatively smaller, measuring around 2-3 inches (5-7.5 cm) in diameter. They have creamy white petals with a purple center and a sweet fragrance. Bigleaf Magnolia, as the name suggests, has even larger flowers, which can reach up to 12 inches (30 cm) in diameter. The flowers of Bigleaf Magnolia are creamy white with a purple blotch at the base and have a pleasant lemon-like fragrance.
5. Geographic Distribution: Fraser Magnolia is native to the southeastern United States, primarily found in the Appalachian Mountains. It is relatively rare and has a limited distribution. On the other hand, Bigleaf Magnolia is also native to the southeastern United States but has a broader range, extending from Florida to Texas and northward into the Midwest. However, Bigleaf Magnolia is considered a rare species overall.
Fraser Magnolia and Bigleaf Magnolia are both beautiful trees, but they have distinct differences in size, leaf shape, leaf size, flower size, and geographic distribution. Fraser Magnolia is larger than the more widespread Umbrella-Tree but lacks the earlobes. Bigleaf Magnolia, on the other hand, has auriculate leaf bases, is even larger than Fraser Magnolia, and has much larger leaves.
