When it comes to marigolds, there are two main species that are commonly grown in home gardens: the French marigold (Tagetes patula) and the African marigold (Tagetes erecta). While they may belong to the same genus, there are some distinct differences between the two.
1. Size and Structure:
One of the most obvious differences between African and French marigolds is their size and overall structure. African marigolds are known for their impressive size, with blooms that can reach up to 4 inches across. They have a more upright growth habit and can grow quite tall, often reaching heights of 2 to 3 feet. On the other hand, French marigolds are more compact in stature, with smaller flowers that typically range from 1 to 2 inches in diameter. They have a bushier growth habit and are usually shorter in height, averaging around 6 to 12 inches.
2. Flower Appearance:
Apart from the size difference, the appearance of the flowers also sets African and French marigolds apart. African marigolds often have larger, fuller blooms with multiple layers of petals, giving them a more “pom-pom” like appearance. Their petals can come in various shades of yellow, orange, and red. French marigolds, on the other hand, have smaller, daintier flowers with a more simple, single layer of petals. They come in a wider range of colors, including shades of yellow, orange, red, and even bi-color combinations.
3. Fragrance:
Another notable difference between the two marigold species is their fragrance. African marigolds have a stronger, more pungent scent compared to the French marigolds. Some people find the fragrance of African marigolds overpowering, while others enjoy it as a natural deterrent for certain pests in the garden. French marigolds, on the other hand, have a milder fragrance that is often described as citrusy or spicy.
4. Uses and Benefits:
Both African and French marigolds offer various benefits in the garden. African marigolds are often used as decorative focal points in flower beds and borders due to their impressive size and vibrant colors. They also make excellent cut flowers for floral arrangements. Additionally, African marigolds are known to repel certain garden pests, such as nematodes and whiteflies, making them a popular companion plant for vegetables like tomatoes and peppers.
French marigolds, with their compact size and colorful blooms, are great for adding splashes of color to smaller spaces like containers, window boxes, or edging along garden paths. They are also commonly used in companion planting to repel pests like aphids and whiteflies. Moreover, French marigolds produce a substance called alpha-terthienyl, which has been found to have potential antifungal properties.
African and French marigolds differ in size, flower appearance, fragrance, and uses. African marigolds are larger, with fuller blooms and a stronger fragrance, while French marigolds are more compact, with daintier flowers and a milder scent. Both species have their own unique benefits and can be used to enhance the beauty and health of a garden.
