The Irish yew, also known as Taxus baccata ‘Fastigiata’, is a unique cultivar of the common yew tree. While they share many similarities, there are distinct differences that set them apart. Let’s delve into the specifics and explore what makes the Irish yew stand out.
One of the most noticeable differences is in the appearance of the leaves. The leaves of the Irish yew are straight, small, and curved, with a pointed tip. They are colored black-green, which is darker than the common yew. This darker hue gives the Irish yew a more striking and intense visual appeal. In contrast, the leaves of the common yew are a lighter shade of green.
Another distinguishing characteristic of the Irish yew is the arrangement of its needles. Unlike the common yew, where the needles grow in distinct rows along the twigs, the needles of the Irish yew grow all around the twig. This gives the Irish yew a fuller and more densely packed foliage, creating a more lush and compact appearance.
In terms of growth habit, the Irish yew has a more upright and columnar form. It grows in a narrow, pyramidal shape, reaching heights of up to 20 feet or more. This growth habit makes it an excellent choice for creating vertical interest in gardens and landscapes. On the other hand, the common yew has a more spreading and rounded growth habit, often reaching greater widths than heights.
When it comes to maintenance, the Irish yew requires regular pruning to maintain its desired shape and size. Its fastigiate growth habit can become unruly if left unattended. The common yew, on the other hand, is known for its ability to tolerate heavy pruning and can be shaped into various forms, including hedges and topiaries.
In terms of hardiness, both the Irish yew and the common yew are generally cold-hardy and adaptable to a wide range of climates. However, it’s worth noting that the Irish yew is believed to have originated from a single male tree discovered in Ireland in the late 18th century. This means that the genetic diversity of the Irish yew is limited compared to the common yew, which can be found in various regions across Europe, Asia, and North Africa.
To summarize, the Irish yew is a distinct cultivar of the common yew tree, with its own unique characteristics. Its black-green, curved needles that grow all around the twig, its upright growth habit, and its need for regular pruning set it apart from the common yew. Both yews have their own merits and can be valuable additions to any garden or landscape, depending on the desired aesthetic and maintenance requirements.
