The best method for grafting citrus trees, in my experience, is patch budding. This technique is not only easy to learn and perform, but it also boasts a high success rate. I have personally used this method multiple times with great results, and I highly recommend it to any citrus tree enthusiast looking to propagate their favorite varieties.
Patch budding involves joining a bud from the desired citrus cultivar onto a rootstock, creating a new tree that will bear the desired fruit. This method is particularly well-suited for citrus trees because they have a thin bark, making it easier to perform the graft.
Here is a step-by-step guide on how to perform patch budding:
1. Select a healthy rootstock: Choose a vigorous rootstock that is compatible with the citrus cultivar you wish to graft. Common rootstocks for citrus trees include trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) and sour orange (Citrus aurantium).
2. Choose a budwood: Select a healthy budwood from the citrus cultivar you want to propagate. The budwood should have mature, dormant buds that are plump and full. It is important to collect the budwood during the appropriate season, usually late winter or early spring.
3. Prepare the rootstock: Make a clean, horizontal cut on the rootstock, approximately 2-3 inches above the ground. The cut should be smooth and flat, exposing the green cambium layer beneath the bark.
4. Prepare the budwood: Take the budwood and make a T-shaped incision on the bark, about 1 inch long. Carefully lift the bark on both sides of the T to reveal the dormant bud.
5. Insert the bud: Gently insert the bud into the T-shaped incision on the rootstock, making sure the bud is firmly in place. The bud shield should be facing outward, with the bud positioned at the top of the T and the shield covering the incision.
6. Secure the bud: Wrap the grafted area tightly with budding tape or grafting rubber. This will help hold the bud in place and create a sealed environment for successful healing.
7. Provide proper care: After grafting, it is crucial to provide the grafted tree with the appropriate care. Keep the tree in a warm, protected area with filtered sunlight. Regularly monitor the graft union for signs of healing and remove any competing growth that may hamper the grafted bud’s development.
8. Monitor and maintenance: Over time, the bud will grow and develop into a new citrus tree. It is important to monitor the graft union and remove any suckers or unwanted growth that may emerge from the rootstock. This will ensure that the grafted citrus cultivar remains dominant and produces the desired fruit.
Patch budding is a reliable method that yields excellent results when grafting citrus trees. It is important to note that successful grafting also depends on factors such as timing, temperature, and proper care after grafting. By following the steps outlined above and providing the necessary attention and care, you can enjoy the thrill of propagating your favorite citrus varieties and expanding your citrus orchard.
