Coleus, scientifically known as Solenostemon scutellarioides, is a unique and popular plant that can be grown as both a perennial and an annual, depending on the climate and growing conditions. In its native habitat, coleus is a perennial plant, meaning it can live for multiple years and regrow each spring. However, in colder regions where temperatures drop significantly, coleus is most commonly grown as an annual.
In terms of hardiness, coleus is typically considered hardy in USDA zones 10-11. These zones are characterized by warm climates with minimal frost and mild winters. In such regions, coleus plants can survive throughout the year and may even grow larger and more vibrant with each passing season.
However, in cooler climates where temperatures regularly dip below freezing, coleus will not survive the winter months. Cold temperatures can damage the plant’s foliage and root system, leading to its demise. In these regions, coleus is treated as an annual, meaning it is planted afresh each spring and enjoyed for one growing season before being replaced the following year.
That being said, there are a few strategies to potentially overwinter coleus in colder regions. One option is to take cuttings from the existing coleus plants in autumn and root them indoors. By propagating new plants from cuttings, you can ensure the survival of your favorite coleus varieties for the next growing season.
To take cuttings, select healthy stems from the coleus plant and trim them just below a leaf node. Remove the lower leaves, leaving only a few at the top. Place the cuttings in a glass of water or a well-draining potting mix, and keep them in a warm and bright location. After a few weeks, the cuttings should develop roots, and you can then transplant them into individual pots.
Another option for overwintering coleus is to bring potted plants indoors before the first frost. Place them near a sunny window or provide artificial light to keep them thriving during the colder months. Coleus plants can tolerate indoor conditions as long as they receive adequate light and are kept away from drafts.
In my personal experience, I have successfully overwintered coleus plants indoors by taking cuttings and rooting them in water. By spring, I had healthy and established plants ready to be planted outdoors again. It was rewarding to see the same vibrant colors and unique leaf patterns return year after year.
Coleus can be both a perennial and an annual plant, depending on the climate in which it is grown. In the warmest regions (USDA zones 10-11), coleus can survive as a perennial, regrowing each spring and continuing to thrive for multiple years. However, in cooler regions, coleus is typically treated as an annual and needs to be replanted each year. With proper care, overwintering strategies, and the option to take cuttings for propagation, it is possible to enjoy coleus plants year after year, regardless of the climate.
