When it comes to distinguishing between American elm and Chinese elm, there are several key characteristics to look out for. One of the most noticeable differences can be found in the color of their bark. American elm, also known as Ulmus americana, typically has a reddish-brown to gray-brown bark. On the other hand, Chinese elm, scientifically referred to as Ulmus parvifolia, tends to have a dark grayish bark.
In addition to the color, the texture of the bark can also provide clues about the species of the elm tree. American elm bark is usually rough and deeply furrowed, while Chinese elm bark has a smoother texture and is less furrowed. By examining the bark closely and feeling its surface, you can gain insights into whether you are dealing with an American elm or a Chinese elm.
Another distinguishing feature is the overall appearance and shape of the tree. American elms tend to have a more upright and vase-shaped form, with arching branches that create a graceful silhouette. On the other hand, Chinese elms often have a more rounded and spreading shape, with branches that grow in a more irregular and angular pattern. These differences in growth habit can be observed even from a distance and can help in identifying the species.
Leaf characteristics also play a role in distinguishing between the two species. American elm leaves are typically larger, ranging from 4 to 6 inches in length, and have serrated edges. They are dark green in color and have a rough texture. Chinese elm leaves, on the other hand, are smaller, measuring around 1 to 2 inches in length. They have a more oval or elliptical shape and often feature small teeth along the leaf margin. The color of Chinese elm leaves can vary from dark green to glossy green.
Furthermore, the twigs of these trees can differ in appearance. American elm twigs are slender and slightly zigzagged, with small, elongated buds that are reddish-brown in color. Chinese elm twigs, on the other hand, are thicker and tend to be more straight, with larger buds that are more rounded and brown in color. These distinctions in twig characteristics can be observed by examining the branches up close.
It is worth noting that while these characteristics can be helpful in identifying whether a tree is an American elm or a Chinese elm, there can be variations within each species. Environmental factors, growth conditions, and genetic variations can influence the appearance of the tree, so it is important to consider multiple characteristics and consult with experts if needed.
Differentiating between American elm and Chinese elm can be done by considering various factors such as the color and texture of the bark, the shape and growth habit of the tree, the characteristics of the leaves, and the appearance of the twigs. By closely observing these features and comparing them to the known traits of each species, you can develop a better understanding of which type of elm tree you are dealing with.
