Growing bee balm from seed heads is definitely possible and can be a rewarding experience for gardeners. While dividing the plant is often the easiest method of propagation, starting from seed allows you to grow a larger number of plants and can be a fun and educational process.
To grow bee balm from seed heads, you will first need to collect the seed heads from existing plants. Wait until the seed heads have dried on the plant and turned brown. Then, carefully cut or snap off the seed heads and place them in a paper bag. Shake the bag gently to release the seeds, and discard any debris or chaff.
Once you have collected the seeds, you can sow them directly in your garden or start them indoors. Sowing directly in the garden is best done in the fall, as bee balm seeds require a period of cold stratification to germinate. Simply scatter the seeds over a prepared bed, lightly press them into the soil, and water gently. In the spring, as the weather warms up, the seeds will naturally begin to germinate.
If you prefer to start the seeds indoors, you can do so in late winter or early spring. Fill seed trays or pots with a well-draining seed starting mix and sprinkle the bee balm seeds on top. Lightly press them into the soil, but do not cover them as they require light to germinate. Mist the soil with water to keep it moist, and place the trays or pots in a warm location or under grow lights.
Germination can take anywhere from 10 to 21 days, so be patient and keep the soil consistently moist during this time. Once the seedlings have emerged, provide them with bright light to encourage healthy growth. When the seedlings have developed their first set of true leaves, you can transplant them into larger pots or directly into the garden.
Before transplanting seedlings outdoors, ensure that all danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed up. Choose a location with well-draining soil and full sun to partial shade. Bee balm prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil, so you may need to amend the soil if it is highly alkaline.
When planting the seedlings, dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball and place the seedling in the hole. Gently backfill with soil, firming it around the roots. Water the newly planted seedlings thoroughly and keep the soil consistently moist until they become established.
It’s important to note that bee balm can be a vigorous grower and may spread quickly in the garden. To prevent overcrowding, it’s a good idea to space the plants about 18-24 inches apart. Regular pruning and deadheading can also help control the plant’s growth and encourage bushier, more compact growth.
Growing bee balm from seed heads can be a rewarding and enjoyable process. Whether you choose to sow the seeds directly in the garden or start them indoors, following these steps will help you successfully propagate this beautiful and beneficial plant. Happy gardening!
