Growing hardy kiwis, also known as Actinidia arguta ‘Issai’, is a rewarding experience for gardeners, especially those in colder winter climates. These small fruits, also called kiwi berries, grape kiwis, or Siberian gooseberries, are not only delicious but also relatively easy to grow. I have personally grown hardy kiwis in my own garden, and I can attest to their ease of cultivation.
One of the reasons hardy kiwis are easy to grow is their adaptability to different climates. Unlike their larger and more well-known cousins, the fuzzy kiwis (Actinidia deliciosa), hardy kiwis are native to regions with colder winters, such as Siberia and northern China. This means that they are naturally equipped to handle frost and cold temperatures, making them suitable for growing in areas with harsh winter conditions.
Another advantage of hardy kiwis is their ability to tolerate a wide range of soil types. From sandy soils to heavy clay, they can adapt and thrive in various soil conditions. However, it is crucial to ensure good drainage to prevent waterlogged roots. Adding organic matter, such as compost, to the soil can improve both drainage and fertility, creating an optimal growing environment for the plants.
Hardy kiwis are also self-fertile, which means that you don’t need multiple plants to ensure pollination and fruit production. Unlike some fruit trees or shrubs that require cross-pollination, hardy kiwis have both male and female flowers on the same plant. This makes it easier for home gardeners to grow them, as only one plant is needed to enjoy a bountiful harvest.
When it comes to planting hardy kiwis, it is essential to choose a sunny location. These plants thrive in full sun, although they can tolerate partial shade. In my own experience, I have found that providing them with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day results in healthier and more productive plants.
Hardy kiwis are vigorous climbers, similar to grapevines. They require a sturdy trellis or support system to grow on. I have used a trellis made of wire mesh or a wooden lattice, which provides the plants with the necessary support to climb and spread. Training the vines along the trellis helps maximize space utilization and makes it easier to harvest the fruits.
Pruning is another important aspect of growing hardy kiwis. Regular pruning helps maintain the plants’ shape, control their growth, and promote better fruiting. In late winter or early spring, before the plants start to grow, I prune back the previous year’s growth, removing any dead or damaged wood. This encourages new growth and ensures that the plants remain productive.
In terms of care, hardy kiwis require consistent watering, especially during dry periods. They prefer moist but well-drained soil. Mulching around the base of the plants helps retain moisture and suppress weed growth. Additionally, applying organic fertilizer in early spring and mid-summer can provide the plants with the necessary nutrients for healthy growth and fruit development.
Pest and disease issues with hardy kiwis are relatively minimal. However, like many fruiting plants, they can be susceptible to certain pests, such as aphids or spider mites. Regular monitoring and prompt action, such as using organic insecticidal soap or neem oil, can help control these pests. Diseases such as powdery mildew or bacterial canker are also possible, but proper plant spacing, good air circulation, and maintaining overall plant health can help prevent these issues.
Growing hardy kiwis can be a successful and enjoyable endeavor for both experienced and novice gardeners. With their adaptability to colder climates, self-fertile nature, and relatively low maintenance requirements, these fruits are a great addition to any garden. Whether you have a large backyard or a small urban space, hardy kiwis can be grown with ease, providing you with a delicious and nutritious harvest.
