When it comes to evergreen ferns in the Northeast, there are four common species that you can consider for your garden or landscaping needs. These ferns not only add a touch of greenery to your outdoor space but also provide year-round interest and beauty.
1. Rock Polypody (Polypodium virginianum):
Rock polypody is a native fern that thrives in rocky areas, hence its name. It has small, leathery fronds that form a dense clump, making it a great choice for rock gardens or shaded areas with well-drained soil. This fern is quite hardy and can tolerate a range of conditions, from sun to shade. I remember planting rock polypody in my own garden, and it has added a lovely touch of green to a rocky corner.
2. Christmas Fern (Polystichum acrostichoides):
The Christmas fern gets its name from its evergreen fronds that resemble the shape of a Christmas stocking. This fern is known for its ability to tolerate dry conditions, making it a versatile choice for various garden settings. I have personally used Christmas ferns as a ground cover in shaded areas with drier soil, and they have provided a lush and green carpet throughout the year.
3. Marginal Wood Fern (Dryopteris marginalis):
The marginal wood fern is a hardy native species that can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions, from moist to dry. Its fronds have a dark green color and a distinctive feathery appearance. This fern is often found growing on rocky slopes or in woodland settings. I have seen marginal wood ferns thriving in shaded areas with slightly acidic soil, and their delicate fronds create a beautiful contrast against the surrounding vegetation.
4. Intermediate or Evergreen Wood Fern (Dryopteris intermedia):
The intermediate wood fern, also known as the evergreen wood fern, is a popular choice for gardens and landscapes due to its attractive foliage. Its fronds are a vibrant green and have a lacy texture, adding a touch of elegance to any setting. This fern prefers moist, well-drained soil and can tolerate both sun and shade. I have planted intermediate wood ferns in a partially shaded area near a stream, and they have flourished, creating a lush and inviting atmosphere.
The four common evergreen ferns in the Northeast are rock polypody, Christmas fern, marginal wood fern, and intermediate or evergreen wood fern. Each fern has its own unique characteristics and requirements, so it’s important to consider the specific conditions of your garden or landscaping area when choosing the right fern for you. Whether you have a rocky slope, a shaded corner, or a moist woodland, there is an evergreen fern that can thrive and enhance the beauty of your outdoor space.
