The difference between high and low turgor pressure lies in the water concentration within plant cells and how it affects the opening and closing of stomata. As a gardening and landscaping expert, I have observed the impact of turgor pressure on plants firsthand.
When a plant cell has high turgor pressure, it means that there is a high water concentration inside the cell. This high water concentration gives the cell a firm and rigid structure. In this state, the stomata, which are tiny openings on the surface of leaves, remain open. The open stomata allow for the exchange of gases, such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, which are essential for photosynthesis. This process enables plants to produce energy and grow.
On the other hand, when a plant cell has low turgor pressure, it indicates a low water concentration within the cell. This situation leads to a decrease in cell rigidity and firmness. In response to low turgor pressure, plants have mechanisms to close their stomata. By closing the stomata, plants can conserve water and reduce the loss of moisture through transpiration.
The opening and closing of stomata are regulated by guard cells, which surround the stomatal openings. When the guard cells are turgid, meaning they have high turgor pressure, they become swollen and the stomata open. The turgidity of the guard cells is influenced by the water content within the plant. If the water supply is limited, the guard cells become flaccid, resulting in the closure of stomata to prevent further water loss.
In my experience, I have noticed that plants with low turgor pressure often exhibit visible signs of water stress, such as wilting leaves and drooping stems. These plants may also have reduced growth rates and show decreased overall vigor. To prevent water loss during periods of low turgor pressure, plants employ various adaptive strategies, including the closure of stomata.
To summarize the difference between high and low turgor pressure: high turgor pressure indicates a high water concentration within plant cells, leading to firm and rigid cell structures and open stomata for gas exchange during photosynthesis. In contrast, low turgor pressure signifies a low water concentration within cells, resulting in decreased cell rigidity and closed stomata to conserve water and reduce transpiration.
