Chamomile and false chamomile are two different plants that are often confused due to their similar appearance and use in herbal remedies. However, there are several key differences between the two.
1. Scientific Names:
– The plant commonly known as chamomile is scientifically called Chamaemelum nobile, previously known as Anthemis nobilis.
– False chamomile is scientifically known as Matricaria recutita.
2. Common Names:
– Chamomile is also referred to as English or Roman chamomile.
– False chamomile is usually called German chamomile.
3. Appearance:
– Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) has small, daisy-like flowers with white petals and a yellow center. The flowers have a sweet, apple-like fragrance.
– False chamomile (Matricaria recutita) also has daisy-like flowers, but they are slightly larger and have a more prominent yellow center. The petals are white and may have a slight hint of blue. The flowers have a more pungent, earthy aroma compared to chamomile.
4. Growing Habits:
– Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) is a low-growing perennial plant that forms a mat-like ground cover. It has a creeping habit and spreads by sending out runners.
– False chamomile (Matricaria recutita) is an annual plant that grows upright, reaching heights of up to 2 feet. It does not spread as aggressively as chamomile.
5. Medicinal Properties:
– Chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) is known for its calming and soothing properties. It is commonly used to relieve stress, anxiety, and promote sleep. Chamomile tea is a popular herbal remedy for various ailments.
– False chamomile (Matricaria recutita) is also used for its medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory and anti-spasmodic effects. It is often used to treat digestive issues, such as indigestion and stomach cramps.
6. Essential Oil Composition:
– Chamomile essential oil is derived from Chamaemelum nobile and contains various compounds, including chamazulene, which gives it a blue color. This oil is highly valued for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.
– German chamomile essential oil, derived from Matricaria recutita, contains a higher concentration of chamazulene, giving it a deep blue color. It is also known for its anti-inflammatory and calming effects.
It is important to note that both chamomile and false chamomile have been used for centuries in traditional medicine and herbal remedies. However, they are distinct plants with some variations in appearance, growing habits, and medicinal properties. Understanding these differences can help in identifying and utilizing them appropriately.
