The difference between a dogwood shrub and a dogwood tree lies in their size, growth habit, and the type of flowers they produce. While both belong to the genus Cornus, they have distinct characteristics that set them apart.
Size: One obvious difference is the size of these plants. Dogwood shrubs are generally smaller in stature, typically reaching heights of 3 to 6 feet. They are often wider than they are tall, forming a rounded shape. On the other hand, dogwood trees can grow much taller, ranging from 15 to 30 feet or even more. They have a more upright and spreading form, with a canopy that provides shade.
Growth habit: Dogwood shrubs are known for their rapid growth. They can establish themselves quickly, filling out a garden space within a few years. In contrast, dogwood trees tend to have a slower growth rate, taking several years to reach their full size. This difference in growth habit is important to consider when planning your landscape, as it affects the time it takes for the plants to mature and provide the desired aesthetic.
Flowers: Another notable difference is the type of flowers produced by each. Dogwood shrubs, while still attractive, do not boast the showy bracts that are characteristic of the taller dogwood trees. These bracts are modified leaves that surround the small, inconspicuous flowers. In the case of dogwood trees, the bracts come in various colors, including white, pink, and red, and create a stunning display in spring. The flowers of dogwood shrubs, though not as showy, still add beauty to the garden with their delicate blooms.
Year-round interest: Both dogwood shrubs and trees offer year-round interest in the garden, but in slightly different ways. Dogwood shrubs have the advantage of producing summer berries, which are attractive to birds and other wildlife. These berries add a pop of color to the shrub and can persist into fall. Additionally, many dogwood shrub varieties showcase exceptional fall foliage, turning shades of red, orange, or purple. On the other hand, while dogwood trees may not produce berries, they compensate with their spectacular fall color, often turning deep shades of red or purple. The autumn foliage of dogwood trees can be a highlight in any landscape.
It’s important to note that within the genus Cornus, there are numerous species and cultivars of both shrubs and trees. This means that there can be variations in growth habit, flower color, and overall appearance between different varieties. When selecting a dogwood for your garden, it’s always a good idea to research the specific characteristics of the cultivar you are interested in to ensure it meets your preferences and suits your landscape needs.
In my personal experience as a gardener, I have worked with both dogwood shrubs and trees in various landscape projects. I find that dogwood shrubs are versatile and well-suited for smaller gardens or areas where a more compact plant is desired. Their rapid growth allows them to quickly fill in a space and provide visual interest throughout the year. On the other hand, dogwood trees make a bold statement in larger landscapes, serving as focal points with their showy flowers and attractive foliage. The size difference between the two also affects how they fit into the overall design of a garden, with shrubs often used as border plants or massed together for impact, while trees are often given more prominent positions. both dogwood shrubs and trees have their unique qualities and can be valuable additions to any garden.
