Clematis varieties can be classified into three distinct groups based on their blooming time and characteristics. These groups are known as Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3. Each group has its own unique qualities and requires specific pruning techniques for optimal growth and flowering.
Group 1 clematis, also known as spring bloomers, are the earliest to flower. They typically bloom on old wood, meaning that the flower buds develop on the previous year’s growth. Examples of Group 1 clematis include Clematis montana and Clematis alpina. These clematis varieties often produce an abundance of flowers in early spring, creating a stunning display of color. To prune Group 1 clematis, it is generally recommended to do so after they finish flowering. This allows you to remove any dead or damaged wood and shape the plant for the following year.
Group 2 clematis, known as repeat bloomers, have the ability to flower on both old and new wood. This means that they can produce blooms throughout the growing season. Examples of Group 2 clematis include popular varieties like ‘Nelly Moser’ and ‘Jackmanii’. These clematis often have a primary flush of flowers in early summer, followed by sporadic blooms later in the season. Pruning Group 2 clematis involves removing any dead or weak stems in late winter or early spring, as well as lightly pruning the plant after the initial bloom to encourage further flowering.
Group 3 clematis, also referred to as summer or fall bloomers, produce flowers on new wood. This means that the flower buds develop on the current year’s growth. Examples of Group 3 clematis include Clematis viticella and Clematis terniflora. These clematis varieties typically bloom in late summer or early fall, providing a burst of color towards the end of the growing season. Pruning Group 3 clematis is relatively simple, as they are pruned back hard in late winter or early spring to encourage vigorous new growth and abundant flowering.
The three types of clematis are Group 1 (spring bloomers), Group 2 (repeat bloomers), and Group 3 (summer or fall bloomers). Each group has its own blooming time and pruning requirements, so it is important to understand the characteristics of the specific clematis variety you have in order to properly care for and maintain its growth.
