Lemon balm and catnip are two different plants that belong to the same family, the Lamiaceae family. While they may share some similarities, they have distinct characteristics that make them easy to tell apart.
1. Aroma: One of the most noticeable differences between lemon balm and catnip is their aroma. Lemon balm has a strong lemony scent, which is where it gets its name from. On the other hand, catnip has a pungent, minty aroma.
2. Habitat: Lemon balm prefers moister habitats and thrives in well-drained soil with regular watering. It can be found growing near streams, in gardens, or other areas with good moisture levels. Catnip, on the other hand, is commonly found in drier habitats such as roadsides, wastelands, and fields.
3. Pubescence: Another distinguishing feature is the pubescence or hairiness of the leaves and stems. Lemon balm has leaves and stems that are densely covered with soft, fine hairs, giving it a fuzzy appearance. Catnip, on the other hand, has leaves and stems that are sparsely pubescent or almost hairless.
4. Leaf shape: Lemon balm has heart-shaped leaves with a toothed margin. The leaves are slightly wrinkled and have a veined texture. Catnip, on the other hand, has triangular or ovate-shaped leaves with a serrated margin. The leaves are smoother and have a more pointed tip compared to lemon balm.
5. Bloom arrangement: Lemon balm produces small, white or pale pink flowers that are arranged in clusters or spikes. The flowers are attractive to bees and other pollinators. Catnip also produces clusters of small flowers, but they are typically lavender or bluish-purple in color. The flowers of catnip are known to attract cats and have a stimulating effect on them.
6. Effect on cats: While lemon balm has a mild calming effect on most cats, it is catnip that is notorious for its stimulating effect. Catnip contains a compound called nepetalactone, which acts as a natural attractant for cats. It can cause cats to become more playful, euphoric, or even sedated. Lemon balm, on the other hand, does not have the same effect on cats.
Lemon balm and catnip are distinct plants with noticeable differences in aroma, pubescence, leaf shape, bloom arrangement, and their effect on most cats. Lemon balm prefers moister habitats and has a lemony scent, while catnip thrives in drier habitats and has a minty aroma. By observing these characteristics, it is easy to differentiate between the two plants.
