Growing pyrethrum from seed is a relatively simple process that can be done both indoors and outdoors. To begin, you will need pyrethrum seeds, potting soil, containers, and water. Here is a step-by-step guide to help you successfully grow pyrethrum from seed:
1. Choose the right time: Pyrethrum seeds can be sown at any time of the year, but it is best to start them indoors about 6-8 weeks before the last frost date in your area. This will give the plants enough time to establish before being transplanted outdoors.
2. Prepare the containers: Use clean containers with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging. You can use small pots, seed trays, or even recycled containers. Fill them with a good quality potting soil, leaving about 1 inch of space at the top.
3. Sow the seeds: Pyrethrum seeds are very small, so it is important not to bury them too deep. Simply sprinkle the seeds on the surface of the soil, evenly spaced apart. Avoid overcrowding to allow each seedling enough space to grow.
4. Provide light: Pyrethrum seeds require light for germination, so do not cover them with soil. Instead, gently press them into the soil or lightly mist them to ensure good contact. Place the containers in a well-lit area, such as a sunny windowsill or under grow lights.
5. Maintain moisture: Keep the soil slightly damp throughout the germination process. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to damping off disease. Watering from the bottom by placing the containers in a tray of water can help prevent excessive moisture on the seedlings.
6. Germination and growth: Pyrethrum seeds typically germinate within 1-2 weeks, but it can take longer in some cases. Once the seedlings emerge, ensure they receive at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight or provide supplemental grow lights if necessary. Maintain a temperature of around 65-75°F (18-24°C) for optimal growth.
7. Transplanting: When the seedlings have developed a few sets of true leaves and the risk of frost has passed, they are ready to be transplanted outdoors. Harden off the plants by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions over a week or two. Choose a location with well-draining soil and full sun for best results.
8. Outdoor care: Plant the pyrethrum seedlings in the ground, spacing them at least 12-18 inches apart. Water regularly to keep the soil evenly moist, but avoid waterlogging. Mulching around the plants can help suppress weeds and retain moisture.
9. Maintenance: Pyrethrum is a relatively low-maintenance plant. Ensure the soil remains moist but not waterlogged. Monitor for pests such as aphids or spider mites, as pyrethrum is known for its insecticidal properties and can attract pests. Regularly deadhead spent flowers to encourage continuous blooming.
10. Harvesting: Pyrethrum flowers are typically harvested when in full bloom. Cut the flowers at the base of the stem and dry them in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight. Once dried, the flowers can be ground to make a natural insecticide or used for ornamental purposes.
By following these steps, you can successfully grow pyrethrum from seed and enjoy their beautiful blooms and insect-repellent properties in your garden. Remember to be patient and provide the necessary care for healthy growth. Happy gardening!
