When it comes to identifying a macadamia tree, there are a few key characteristics to look out for. First and foremost, macadamias are typically long-lived trees that can reach heights of up to 40 feet or more. However, in backyard or orchard settings, they are often pruned to be smaller and more manageable.
One distinctive feature of macadamia trees is their foliage. They boast beautiful green leaves that remain on the tree throughout the year, making them an attractive addition to any garden or landscape. The leaves are usually lance-shaped and arranged alternately along the stems.
Unlike some other tree species, macadamias tend to have multiple stems rather than a single trunk. This gives them a more bushy and multi-branched appearance. However, in an orchard or garden setting, they can be pruned to have a more central leader and a neater, more tree-like shape.
In their natural rainforest habitat, macadamia trees have a more open and airy growth habit. Their branches are not as densely packed as in cultivated settings, allowing more light to filter through the canopy. This natural form can be quite different from the compact, rounded shape often seen in backyard macadamia trees.
Another characteristic to consider when identifying a macadamia tree is its bark. The bark of mature trees is usually rough and furrowed, with a grayish-brown color. However, younger trees may have smoother bark that is lighter in color.
When it comes to fruiting, macadamia trees produce distinctive nuts that are encased in a hard, woody shell. The nuts are round and roughly the size of a marble, with a brownish shell. The outer husk, which is green when the nuts are immature, turns brown and splits open as the nuts ripen.
It’s worth noting that macadamia trees can take several years to start bearing fruit, so the presence of nuts may not be immediately apparent. However, if you come across a tree with nuts, it’s a good indication that it is a macadamia tree.
In my personal experience, I have come across macadamia trees in both their natural rainforest environment and in backyard settings. The differences in their appearance can be quite striking. The wild macadamias I encountered had a more open and graceful form, with long, arching branches and a light canopy. On the other hand, the cultivated macadamias I’ve seen had a more compact and dense growth habit, with a rounded shape and a more manicured appearance.
To summarize, when identifying a macadamia tree, look for long-lived, small trees with green leaves all year round. Notice their multi-stemmed structure, which may differ from a single-trunk tree. Consider their foliage, which is lance-shaped and arranged alternately along the stems. Look for rough, furrowed bark on mature trees and round nuts enclosed in a hard shell. Keep in mind that the appearance of macadamia trees can vary depending on their natural or cultivated environment.
