Gladiolus, also known as sword lilies, are typically grown from corms rather than seeds. Corms are bulb-like structures that store energy for the plant to grow and produce flowers. They are similar to bulbs but have a solid texture rather than layered scales.
Growing gladiolus from corms is a popular and efficient way to propagate these beautiful flowers. Corms can be purchased from nurseries or garden centers, or you can save corms from your own gladiolus plants for future planting.
When selecting gladiolus corms, choose ones that are plump and firm, free from any signs of rot or damage. Larger corms generally produce larger and more robust plants, so opt for bigger sizes if available.
To plant gladiolus corms, you’ll need a sunny location with well-draining soil. These plants thrive in full sun and prefer soil that is rich in organic matter. Before planting, it’s a good idea to amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to improve its fertility and drainage.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to planting gladiolus corms:
1. Prepare the soil: Remove any weeds or debris from the planting area and loosen the soil with a garden fork or tiller. Incorporate organic matter into the soil if needed.
2. Dig planting holes: Dig holes that are about 4-6 inches deep and spaced 6-8 inches apart. If you’re planting multiple rows, space the rows 1-2 feet apart.
3. Place the corms: Place the gladiolus corms in the holes with the pointed end facing upwards. If the corms have any visible roots, position them downwards.
4. Backfill and firm the soil: Gently cover the corms with soil, ensuring that they are adequately buried but not too deep. Firm the soil around the corms to provide stability.
5. Water thoroughly: After planting, water the area thoroughly to settle the soil and provide moisture for the corms to start sprouting. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged throughout the growing season.
As the gladiolus plants grow, they will produce tall flower spikes adorned with beautiful blooms. These spikes can reach heights of 2-5 feet, depending on the variety. The flowers come in a wide range of colors, including shades of red, pink, orange, yellow, purple, and white.
To enjoy gladiolus as cut flowers, you can harvest the flower spikes once a few of the bottom flowers start to open. Cut the spike at an angle and place it in a vase with fresh water. Remove any leaves below the waterline to prevent bacterial growth.
Gladiolus plants generally bloom in mid to late summer, adding a vibrant and eye-catching display to your garden. They are also excellent for adding vertical interest and color to flower beds or borders.
After the blooming period, allow the foliage to die back naturally. This allows the corms to absorb nutrients and energy for the following year’s growth. Once the foliage has turned yellow and withered, you can carefully dig up the corms for storage or leave them in the ground if you live in a frost-free region.
In colder climates, it’s common to dig up the corms before the first frost and store them for the winter. To store gladiolus corms, gently remove any soil and allow them to dry in a well-ventilated area for a few days. Once dry, remove any remaining foliage and place the corms in a cool, dry location for the winter. Some gardeners prefer to dust the corms with a fungicide or store them in a paper bag to prevent rot.
Come spring, you can replant the stored corms following the same steps outlined earlier, and enjoy another season of beautiful gladiolus blooms.
Growing gladiolus from corms is a rewarding and straightforward process. With their stunning flower spikes and vibrant colors, gladiolus can be a focal point in any garden or a delightful addition to fresh flower arrangements. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or a beginner, gladiolus is a fantastic choice for adding beauty and elegance to your outdoor space.
