As a gardening and landscaping expert, I have had experience with growing basil in various temperatures, including extremely hot weather. Basil is generally a resilient herb and can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, but extreme heat can pose challenges for its growth and productivity.
Basil plants thrive in warm conditions, with an ideal temperature range of 27 to 32 degrees Celsius (80 to 90 degrees Fahrenheit). In this temperature range, basil plants are most healthy and productive. They can grow vigorously, produce abundant leaves, and maintain a compact and bushy form.
However, when temperatures rise above 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), basil plants may start to experience stress and their growth may be affected. The excessive heat can cause the plants to wilt, have stunted growth, and potentially lead to leaf burn or scorching. In such high temperatures, the plants may also flower and go to seed more quickly, reducing the leaf production.
While basil can tolerate temperatures up to 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), it is important to provide optimal growing conditions and care to help them withstand the heat. Here are some tips to help basil plants cope with hot weather:
1. Provide shade: If you live in an area with scorching summers, consider providing some shade for your basil plants during the hottest part of the day. This can be achieved by placing them under a shade cloth or positioning them where they receive partial shade from a tree or building.
2. Adequate watering: Basil plants require regular watering, especially in hot weather. Water deeply and evenly to ensure the soil stays consistently moist but not waterlogged. Mulching the soil around the plants can help retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.
3. Avoid overhead watering: During hot weather, avoid watering the basil plants from above, as this can lead to leaf burn and increase the risk of fungal diseases. Instead, water the plants at the base to keep the foliage dry.
4. Provide good air circulation: Proper air circulation is crucial to prevent heat stress and humidity-related diseases. Space the basil plants adequately to allow for airflow between them. Pruning or pinching back the plants can also help maintain good air circulation and promote bushier growth.
5. Consider container gardening: Growing basil in containers gives you the advantage of being able to move them to a more suitable location during extreme heat. Containers can be placed in a shaded area or near a building where they can receive some protection from intense sunlight.
6. Harvest regularly: Regularly harvesting the basil leaves not only promotes continued leaf production but also helps the plant redirect energy away from flowering and seed production. This can help extend the productivity of the plant during hot weather.
While basil can tolerate temperatures as high as 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), extreme heat can negatively impact its growth and productivity. By providing shade, adequate watering, good air circulation, and regular harvesting, you can help basil plants withstand hot weather and continue to thrive.
