Pigeon peas are not the same as sweet peas. While both are members of the legume family, they belong to different species and have distinct characteristics.
Pigeon peas, scientifically known as Cajanus cajan, are a type of tropical legume that is widely cultivated and consumed in many parts of the world, particularly in India, Africa, and the Caribbean. They are an important crop commercially in India, where they are used in various culinary preparations, such as curries, stews, and soups. Pigeon peas are also known by other names like Arhar dal, Toor dal, or Congo pea.
On the other hand, sweet peas, or sugar peas, are a type of garden pea that is typically grown for its edible green pods. These pods are harvested when they are young and tender, and the peas inside are sweet and delicious. Sweet peas are commonly used in stir-fries, salads, and as a side dish.
Here are some key differences between pigeon peas and sweet peas:
1. Plant Type: Pigeon peas are classified as a perennial shrub or small tree, reaching heights of up to 10 feet (3 meters). They have woody stems and can live for several years. Sweet peas, on the other hand, are annual climbing vines that can grow up to 6 feet (2 meters) tall. They require support structures like trellises or fences to climb on.
2. Growth Habit: Pigeon peas have a more upright and bushy growth habit, with multiple branches and dense foliage. Sweet peas, being climbers, have long, slender vines that twine and wrap around their support structures.
3. Flower and Pod Appearance: Pigeon pea flowers are typically yellow or pale yellow and have a distinctive shape with five petals. The flowers are followed by elongated, cylindrical pods that contain the mature peas. Sweet peas, on the other hand, produce fragrant flowers in a wide range of colors, including pink, purple, white, and bi-colored varieties. The pods of sweet peas are broader and flatter than those of pigeon peas.
4. Culinary Use: Pigeon peas are primarily grown for their dried peas, which are used as a staple in many cuisines. The peas are often split and hulled before cooking. Sweet peas, on the other hand, are grown for their tender pods, which are harvested and consumed when young. The peas inside the sweet pea pods are typically not dried and are eaten fresh.
While both pigeon peas and sweet peas are legumes, they differ in terms of plant type, growth habit, flower and pod appearance, and culinary use. Pigeon peas are more commonly grown for their dried peas, while sweet peas are valued for their edible pods and fresh peas.
